Abstract Expressionism is a broad artistic movement centered in New York that emerged after World War II. According to Kenworth Moffitt in American Abstract Painting Since 1945, "The war caused the displacement of many important French and European painters, who sought refuge in America and gave them a sense of being at the center of the modern movement." It helped to increase the confidence of Americans to carry on and further the tradition of modern European painting." These refuge painters included Don Guy, Ernst, Masson, Dali, Mondrian, Duchamp and others. Some painters, such as Picasso and Matisse, had a strong influence on New York even though they never came to the United States. Under the influence of various modern artistic ideas, especially Cubism,
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neo-plastic and surrealism, American art acquired a new spirit that had never been seen before. Immediately after World War II, abstract Expressionism emerged and quickly gained worldwide influence. For the first time, New York replaced Paris as the art center of the world. The lack of description, the expressional or constructive expression of concepts, is the basic characteristic of abstract Expressionism. Generally speaking, in terms of picture structure and sense of unity, abstract expressionists find their forms in Cubist painting ideas. They sought in surrealist painting the power of psychological improvisation as a means of discovering a sense of personal mystery and stimulating latent imagination." (Bernard Myers et al., Trans. He Zhenzhi et al., Dictionary of 20th Century Fine Arts, Shanghai People's Fine Arts Publishing House, p. 2) It is worth noting that abstract Expressionism has no unified style, and artists under this label have little in common other than a relatively uniform goal of opposition. It includes the art of de Kooning, who is hardly "abstract", and Newman, who is not at all expressionistic. However, this does not prevent them from being coordinated in a certain sense. The pioneers of abstract Expressionism were Asher Gorky and Hans Hoffmann, and important painters included Pollock, de Koonin, Rothko, Matherville, Gottlieb, and Newman. These artists can be roughly divided into two categories: one is the action painters represented by de Kooning and Pollock, who take action and gesture as the basis of creation; The other is the gamut painter represented by Rothko, Newman, etc., who relies on large areas of color to express certain ideas. Abstract Expressionism is also known as the New York School of Painting. In 1951, the Museum of Modern Art in New York held a large-scale exhibition of "American Abstract Painting and Sculpture." In 1958-1959, the museum toured eight European countries with the exhibition "New American Painting". By the end of the 1950s, the movement was in decline. Abstract Expressionism was important to subsequent American art and had an unprecedented influence on European artists
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